(Adds U.S. market close)
* Warnings from Caterpillar , Nvidia highlight China worries
* Crude oil drops on expectations of growing U.S. supply
* U.S.-China trade talks, FOMC meeting in focus
By Herbert Lash
NEW YORK, Jan 28 (Reuters) - Global stock markets tumbled on Monday after Caterpillar and Nvidia Corp warned of weak Chinese demand while oil posted its biggest one-day drop in a month on expectations of growing U.S. crude supply.
Equities also were slammed by plunging shares of Brazilian miner Vale SA VALE.K , which lost some $19.3 billion of its market value following the collapse of a tailing dam last week that killed at least 60 people.
Vale shares dropped 24.5 percent in Sao Paulo trade.
The dollar fell against a basket of currencies as traders awaited the Federal Reserve's two-day policy meeting ending Wednesday and the results of U.S.-China trade talks this week.
The euro reached a 10-day high against the dollar ahead of voting in Britain's parliament on Tuesday that aims to break the Brexit deadlock.
Caterpillar CAT , a bellwether for global industrials, fell 9.1 percent as its quarterly profit missed Wall Street estimates, hurt by softening Chinese demand, a strong dollar and higher manufacturing and freight costs. was Caterpillar's worst single-day drop since August 2011.
Nvidia NVDA.O slid 13.8 percent after the chipmaker cut its fourth-quarter revenue estimate by half a billion dollars, hit by weak demand for its gaming chips in China and lower-than-expected data center sales. downward guidance two weeks ago, along with the announcements by Caterpillar and Nvidia, suggest the U.S.-China trade war will affect more companies, said Kristina Hooper, chief global market strategist at Invesco.
"I view this as a cause for concern. It's not a crisis, but it's likely to be a few more canaries in the coal mine because there is going to be a significant cohort of stocks that are likely to be impacted by the U.S.-China trade war," Hooper said.
Earnings at Chinese industrial firms shrank for a second straight month in December, hit by slowing prices and weak factory activity. FTSEurofirst 300 index .FTEU3 of leading regional shares closed down 0.96 percent while MSCI's all-country world equity index .MIWD00000PUS declined 0.62 percent.
Stocks on Wall Street, down more than 1 percent for most of the session, recouped some losses at the close.
The Dow Jones Industrial Average .DJI fell 208.98 points, or 0.84 percent, to 24,528.22. The S&P 500 .SPX lost 20.91 points, or 0.78 percent, to 2,643.85 and the Nasdaq Composite .IXIC dropped 79.18 points, or 1.11 percent, to 7,085.69.
Emerging market stocks .MSCIEF lost 0.39 percent.
Volatility has picked up as investors fret about an economic cycle that is long in the tooth, leading to sharp reactions in the market to news, said Laura Kane, head of investment themes for the Americas at UBS Wealth Management.
Equity markets have solid underpinnings with fourth-quarter earnings looking good, a likely truce in the U.S.-China trade talks and the Fed sounding a dovish message, leading her to be optimistic, Kane said.
"But the complication of volatility being uncomfortable and the fact we're later in the (business) cycle, that's why we're seeing these larger reactions to market news than we're used to," she said.
U.S. energy companies last week boosted the number of rigs drilling for oil for the first time since late December. crude production, which rose to a record 11.9 million barrels per day late last year, has undermined sentiment in the oil market, traders said.
Also weighing on oil prices are concerns about whether Chinese refiners will continue to import crude at 2018's breakneck pace.
U.S. crude CLc1 settled down 3.17 percent at $51.99 per barrel and Brent LCOc1 fell 2.77 percent to settle at $59.93.
In FX markets, the ICE (NYSE:ICE) index that tracks the dollar versus the euro, yen, sterling and three other currencies .DXY was down 0.05 percent at 95.745. It hit a near two-week low at 95.673 earlier in the session.
The euro EUR= rose 0.11 percent to $1.1425 while the Japanese yen JPY= strengthened 0.16 percent versus the greenback at 109.36 per dollar.
Benchmark 10-year U.S. Treasury notes US10YT=RR rose 1/32 in price to push their yield down to 2.7458 percent.
U.S. gold futures GCv1 settled up 0.4 percent at $1,303.10 per ounce.