(The following statement was released by the rating agency) Fitch Ratings-Hong Kong/Singapore-August 02: 本文章英文原文最初于2018年7月25日发布于：Fitch: APAC Fintech to Receive More Regulatory Attention /a 惠誉评级认为，亚太地区发达市场的监管机构更有可能对金融科技市场新进的业者采取支持性措施，包括实行更加合适的牌照要求，加强与银行之间的合作，并制定鼓励新技术开发及 应用的框架。与之相反，惠誉预计，由于大部分新兴市场（例如中国和印度）的金融普惠程度较低，市场秩序受到扰乱的可能性较高，因此，当地监管机构将控制金融科技在非银行部 门的发展速度，以降低影响金融稳定性的潜在风险。 金融科技变革有望显著改变银行业基于客户关系的业务模式，特别是在零售银行领域。惠誉认为，如果不采用新技术，可能会使亚太地区的银行面临失去竞争力的风险，并对其信用状 况产生不利影响。 迄今为止，中国和印度一直走在金融科技应用的前列（如下图所示），也是亚太地区金融科技发展速度最有可能受到监管限制影响的两大市场。作为更广泛对整个金融行业监管收紧措 施的一部分，中国政府也加大了对在线放款的监管力度。2017年11月，政府发布暂停批设网络小额贷款公司，并加强了对在线放款的限制。金融科技在发达市场普及化的速度较 慢，主要原因是这些市场保守的监管立场和行为特点（例如偏好现金支付），这在日本和中国香港尤为明显。
若干国家的监管机构允许金融科技企业者在特定期限内无需牌照进行业务测试。但是后续步骤却缺乏明确性，特别是如果测试成功，如何将其纳入受监管的银行体系。 与此同时，只有少数几个亚太国家的监管机构发布了有关虚拟银行牌照的具体指导准则，这些准则与传统银行业的指导准则相似。韩国的门槛略有下降，数字银行获准使用巴塞尔资本 协定(Basel I)框架，而包括澳大利亚和印度在内的其他几个市场则采用了受限制牌照。中国台湾允许金融科技业最长三年的测试期，但监管机构只开放两张数字银行的牌照。 这种谨慎立场为传统银行业者提供了支持，进而有助其客户关系和电子银行服务。对于主要从事传统银行活动（例如吸收存款和期限转换）的虚拟银行，惠誉预计不会出现任何变化， 但对于那些专门从事较低系统性风险业务的虚拟银行，监管可能会逐渐放宽。 2018年7月，香港金融管理局（香港金管局）率先在亚太地区推出银行业开放API框架，证明监管机构和银行之间的合作可能会持续加强。该框架将监管第三方衔接银行系统的 方式，并推动香港的银行业制定与第三方服务供应商谈判双边协议的行业标准。 惠誉预期，监管机构之间将就跨境事宜（例如贸易融资）进一步深化合作。新加坡金融管理局已开展了一系列举措，包括通过分布式账本技术与香港金管局进行跨境贸易。 联系人: Sabine Bauer 金融机构评级高级董事 +852 2263 9966 惠誉国际评级有限公司 香港中环德辅道中68号 万宜大厦19楼 Dan Martin 高级分析师 惠誉快讯 +65 6796 7232 Media Relations: Leslie Tan, Singapore, Tel: +65 6796 7234 , Email: leslie.tan@fitchratings.com; Wai-Lun Wan, Hong Kong, Tel: +852 2263 9935 , Email: wailun.wan@fitchratings.com. 详情参见www.fitchratings.com 注意：本新闻稿为中文译本。如有疑问，请以英文版本为准。 Related Research APAC Banks Regulatory Compendium - Update https://www.fitchratings.com/site/re/10037437 ALL FITCH CREDIT RATINGS ARE SUBJECT TO CERTAIN LIMITATIONS AND DISCLAIMERS. 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